The eruption of volcanoes is a colorful sight, but it carries a great danger. After eruptions, volcanic vents are covered with large stones, volcanic mass, and over time, the crater of the volcano is filled with water. The main sources of water are rains, groundwater and meltwater of glaciers. We rush to the tops of volcanoes to view the most beautiful volcanic lakes on our planet. And in conclusion, we placed an interactive map showing all the places mentioned in the article.
1
Trinity Crater
Maly Semyachik Volcano on the Kamchatka Peninsula last disturbed residents of the region in 1952.
At the top of the mountain, a small lake formed, called by the researchers “Green” by the characteristic color of the water. Sulfur particles were found in the water layers, which paint the reservoir in the original greenish color.
Volcanic lake in Kamchatka was formed around the beginning of the 40s of the twentieth century. Geologists working at the station of V. D. Troitsky note periodic increases in the level of water in the crater pond. So, in the spring of 2003, the surface of the lake rose by 5 m.
2
Arkhyz
There is an amazingly beautiful place in Karachay-Cherkessia in the area of the Kel-Bashi mountain range. At an altitude of 2,830 m, among the peaked peaks lies the expanse of three beautiful lakes.
These reservoirs are called Sofia, since Mount Sofia, with a height of 3,637 m, rises above all this splendor. The depth of the deepest and largest is 17 m.
All three reservoirs communicate with each other in small channels, and the water in them is crystal clear, as it is filled with meltwater from glaciers.
3
Crater
In Oregon, about 7,700 years ago, the massive caldera of the Mazama volcano formed, which was partially filled with water. In the USA, this is one of the most beautiful lakes of volcanic origin.
Crater Lake impresses tourists with a rich blue tint of water, as well as great depth. The researchers found that the bottom is at a depth of 360 m from the surface.
There is in the lake and its own attraction "Lake old man." So the locals call the log, which has been floating in it for more than 100 years, but not horizontally, but in a half-drowned position almost vertically.
4
Taupo
The last eruption of Taupo volcano, according to geologists, occurred in 260. The huge caldera after the eruption was filled with water. This lake is on our site most-beauty.ru and will continue the list.
It is the largest body of water in New Zealand, with a total area of 616 km². The maximum depth reaches 144 m. It is the largest freshwater reservoir in the Pacific.
More than 1.2 million tourists come to the rocky shores of a beautiful lake annually. Locals also like to relax here, and in ancient times the indigenous tribes of the island worshiped the lake as a deity.
5
Toba
On the Indonesian Sumatra in the huge caldera of the Toba volcano at an altitude of 902 m above sea level, a wonderful lake was formed.
Its depth is 505 m, and its length is 87 km. The greatest width is 27 km. Such dimensions make it navigable, and tourists are happy to purchase tickets for pleasure boats.
There are villages along the banks, where national traditions are still preserved. Attracts tourists to this part of the planet and amazing nature. Thus, the lake became an important object of ethnographic and ecological tourism.
6
Kerid
Iceland - a country of volcanoes and geysers, can offer wildlife lovers to visit the most beautiful lakes in the craters of extinct volcanoes.
In the photo, one of these lakes named Kerid is located in the Grimsne region in the south of the northern and harsh country. Of all the crater formations in this part of the island, this is the youngest. The volcanic deposits of red color surround the waters of the lake.
A unique natural monument, approximately 3 thousand years old, attracts tourists and is included in tourist routes. You can get to it along the mountain road from the city of Selfoss.
7
Kelimutu
The height of the volcano on the island of Flores is 1,639 m, and amazing ponds have formed in its crater. Three crater lakes differ in size and color of water.
Each of them has its own special name. The names of the reservoirs are associated with the national traditions of the indigenous tribes living in the vicinity of the mountain range.
Locals consider them sacred, and believe that the souls of dead ancestors dwell in their waters. Color change is associated with the anger or blessing of spirits.
8
Viti
A wonderful lake has formed in the crater of the Icelandic volcano Askya, the waters of which are painted green.
It was formed as a result of the most powerful eruption of 1875. After the release of lava, the crater was filled with water, and the minerals painted it in a greenish color. The coastal cliffs have the same greenish tint.
Viti’s mirror is 50 m below the caldera’s level, and its depth is only 8 m. It always has warm water. In this place you can make films about other planets, as the meager nature and the green color of the water and rocks create a completely surreal lifeless landscape.
9
Kilotoa
The caldera of a volcano in Ecuador was filled with a lake 3 km in diameter, with a depth of 240 m. The edges of the crater rise above the surface of the water to a height of 400 m.
Around rise an unusual dome shape formed by lava during periods of eruption. Such lakes of volcanic origin have fumaroles, peculiar cracks in the crater and on the slopes of the volcano.
Hot springs beat in the eastern part of the crater, and the water contains mineral deposits. Quilotoa is a popular tourist attraction of Ecuador.
10
Ertale
Lava lakes are a unique natural wonder. One of these is located in the crater of a volcano in northeast Ethiopia.
The African volcano has been periodically active since 1967, hot lava flows from its crater lake. Because of this, the lake level is constantly changing. Over the past decade, its level has risen by 30 m.
Due to activity and overflow, explosive emissions of hot lava drops occur. Scientists and residents of nearby settlements periodically observe such emissions from November 2010.
By the way, be sure to admire on our site most-beauty.ru amazing photos of volcanic eruptions from Francisco Negroni.
11
Elgygytgyn
There are lakes in the craters of meteorites that fell to the ground. A vivid example of such a reservoir is the Pingualuit crater (Pingualuit) in the Canadian province of Quebec. There are some in Russia. On the endless, snowy Anadyr plateau of Chukotka, there is a crater lake. Difficult to pronounce the name in Chukchi means "White Lake".
It formed about 3.5 million years ago, and was first described by a Soviet researcher Sergei Obruchev. Water filled the impact crater, although for a long time it was believed that it was of volcanic origin. Fish are found in the water column, including the dangerous predator Boganidskiy pale.
Russian geologists proved the meteorite origin by drilling a well in 2008 under a 225-meter-thick lake sediment.
12
Cheongji
The whole world is known by the name of Heavenly Lake, and is listed on the pages of the Guinness Book of Records. Of the water bodies listed, it is the highest, since its surface is spread at an altitude of 2,189 m.
It was formed in the caldera of Mount Pektusan on the very border of China and North Korea. In China, Cheongji is part of a unique nature reserve.
In the clear water, you can see the little inhabitants - the small fish River Malma. The Erdaobaikhe River flows from the lake, forming a beautiful waterfall nearby in the mountain gorge.
By the way, there is an interesting article on the highest volcanoes of the planet on our site most-beauty.ru.
13
Okama
The natural landmark of Japanese Miyagi Prefecture was formed on the mountain as a result of a strong volcanic eruption.
The “five-color lake” changes the color of water depending on the time of year and weather conditions. The diameter of Okama is 3690 m, and the maximum depth is 62 m.
One of the most beautiful volcanic lakes in the world is surrounded by the majestic peaks of the Zao mountain range. Because of this, it received its name "Okama" in translation from Japanese means "boiler".
14
Faakari
48 km from the northern coast of New Zealand among the blue expanses of the ocean lies the Isle of Wight. This is an active stratovolcano, and inside its crater lies the expanse of a picturesque lake.
It was formed, like all similar reservoirs, after the emission of lava in 2000. Therefore, it can rightfully be considered one of the youngest in the series of crater reservoirs. It has high rocky shores, beyond which the boundless expanse of the ocean opens. Tourist boats do not go to him yet, and you can enjoy the beauty from a helicopter.
Geologists have not yet fully investigated the geology of a volcanic reservoir, but have already carried out a chemical analysis of water. Salt waters contain chemical elements and mineral deposits of rocks.
15
Hangar
Khangar Volcano
We began our journey in Kamchatka, and here we will complete it. The Khangar volcano is unique in that the edges of its caldera are overgrown with forest, and a lake has formed inside.
The width of the reservoir is almost regular round in shape 2 km, and the banks are decorated with outcrops of obsidian. Reddish, spotty deposits have ornate patterns, and the material itself is widely used in decorative art.
It was believed that the volcano of Kamchatka has long been extinct, but recent studies have introduced it into the category of potentially dangerous.
Summary
Many volcanic lakes contain chemical impurities, and therefore life in them is impossible. Due to all kinds of impurities, such reservoirs can have a bright multi-colored color.
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But this beauty is sometimes a serious danger. When oversaturated with hydrogen oxide, a limnological explosion can occur. This effect, when carbon pushes water out, is also called the "eversion of a pond."
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Article author: Valery Skiba